ELECTION ETHICS GOVERNANCE IN THE AGE OF AI: MITIGATING DISINFORMATION TOWARD 2029
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.68702/etikapemilu.347Keywords:
Disinformation, Artificial Intelligence, Ethics of Election Administrators, Electoral Integrity, Electoral GovernanceAbstract
The era of generative artificial intelligence (AI) introduces a cheap, fast, and easily personalised threat of electoral disinformation ahead of Indonesia's 2029 General Election, even as its legal, institutional, and ethical frameworks remain ad hoc and reactive. This paper maps the typology of AI-based disinformation risks and emerging ethical issues for election administrators, assesses the adequacy of the existing framework, and formulates realistic, anticipatory options for strengthening governance before 2029. It employs a qualitative, legal-normative, and policy-analysis approach, drawing on legislation, DKPP complaint and hearing data for 2024–2026, national and international policy documents, and 2026 focus group discussions with electoral stakeholders. The findings show that electoral disinformation has shifted from manually produced hoaxes toward content produced and orchestrated by generative AI, while existing legal instruments remain scattered without clear integration. Five new categories of ethical risk for election administrators are identified, alongside reform opportunities through Constitutional Court Ruling No. 166/PUU-XXI/2023, the Election Bill's legislative agenda, and the finalisation of national AI policy. The paper concludes with five governance-strengthening options as anticipatory measures ahead of the 2029 electoral process.
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